人工哺育大熊猫幼仔1月龄内的饲喂及体重增长变化研究

人工圈养大熊猫出生幼仔一般采用自然哺育和人工哺育2种形式。人工哺育大熊猫幼仔1月龄内的饲喂及体重增长变化研究结果表明,3只研究个体均饲喂异母初乳时,其生长发育良好。经方差分析,3只幼仔1月龄内饲喂和体重变化均无显著差异。因圈养大熊猫产双胎的几率较大,所以采取人工哺育可以保证幼仔的成活率。目前人工哺育的方式主要是采集初乳及母乳和配制人工乳来进行人工育幼。     

现代电子称重技术发展对森林收获计测的影响

回顾森林收获计测技术的发展历史,分析现代电子称量技术的发展应用前景,指出木材及木制品以体积计量计价的局限性和以重量计量计价的优势,认为当前一些木材市场上出现的买卖双方以重量而不是以材积计量计价现象有其历史必然性。基于以重量计量计价更为客观、准确、快捷、高效,并大幅降低成本的优势,其在纸浆等工业原料林经营、林业碳汇贸易等方面具有广泛应用潜力。     

Effects of Shading on Chlorophyll Content,Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Photosynthesis of Subterranean Clover

A field‐experiment (2004/2005 and 2005/2006 seasons) was conducted in the coastal plain of south‐eastern Sicily (37°03′N, 15°18′E, 15 m a.s.l.), on a Calcixerollic Xerochrepts soil, aimed at quantifying the effect of shading on chlorophyll (Chl) content, Chl fluorescence, photosynthesis and growth of subterranean clover. Four levels of photosynthetically active radiation reduction (from 0 % to 90 %) were tested on Trifolium brachycalycinum cv. ‘Clare’ and Trifolium subterraneum ecotype ‘Ragalna’. In both species shading progressively increased F_v/F_m, internal CO₂ concentration, diffusive leaf resistance and specific leaf area (up to 8 %, 34 %, 18 % and 68 %, respectively), and decreased Chl content, T_max, photosynthetic rate and plant dry weight (up to 9 %, 24 %, 79 % and 39 %, respectively). As plants aged, characteristic bell‐shaped trends were evident for photosynthetic parameters, with F_v/F_m increasing up until the onset of flowering, and thereafter declining. This implies that F_v/F_m may be a useful indicator of earliness in subterranean clover genotypes. The aboveground dry biomass response to shading was both genotype‐ and season‐dependent, but was predictable from the measurement of relative leaf Chl content. Moreover, our results suggest that an improvement in the interaction between host‐rhizobium may represent a major potential breeding target for enhancing subterranean clover tolerance to shading.     

Crown development in young Picea abies stands

A dynamic model of branch length and weight growth was developed for two contrasting sites, both with young stands of spruce. At one site sample trees were obtained from both unfertilised plots and from plots with increased growth rate maintained by annual fertilisation. At the second site unfertilised trees and trees subject to single applications of fertiliser were modelled. A model of the same structure was developed for each site and tested by application at the alternate site. In view of the close agreement between sites, model parameters were calculated based on all data combined. The model is driven by height increment and branch age. The sample trees were mostly open grown so that only a tentative estimate of the effects of between tree competition is given. The limitations of the model are stressed.     

不同饲料饲喂断奶仔猪对比试验研究

为了给断奶仔猪选择合适的饲料类型,采用2种类型的饲料对60头35日龄断奶的仔猪进行饲养试验。试验分为2组,即颗粒饲料组和粉状饲料组,每组三个重复,经30 d的饲养试验,结果表明：颗粒饲料组仔猪体质量每日增加数、日头均耗料量明显高于粉状饲料组（P〈0.05）,且颗粒饲料组的经济效益要高于粉状饲料组,而饲料转化效率没有明显差异（P〉0.05）,说明颗粒饲料比粉状饲料更适合饲喂断奶仔猪.     

高效凝胶过滤色谱法测定肽的相对分子量分布

采用高效凝胶过滤色谱法,对肽粉、酵母核苷酸和自溶酵母粉三种肽类产品的相对分子量大小及分布进行了测定。结果表明,此三种产品的相对分子量分布范围集中在2000Da以下,寡肽含量丰富,其中含有一定量的游离氨基酸和氨基酸残基。该方法简便快捷、准确性高、重复性好,适合肽类产品分子量(<1 0KD)分布的分析检测。     

三江源区牦牛冷季补饲效果研究

两个月的试验结果表明,补饲精料对减少牦牛冷季掉膘有明显作用。8月龄牦牛补饲精料试验组比对照组少减重2.81kg,两者之间存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。20月龄补饲精料牦牛试验组比对照组少重2.19kg,两者之间存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。通过计算投产比得出,补饲精料是增加三江源区牦牛冷季营养供给,减少掉膘,提高生产效率的有效途径。     

双子矩阵的特征值和特征向量

通过对极大极小（γ，δ）双子在某一特征值下的等价定义，把任意的极大极小（γ，δ）双子化为极大代数下的双子，从而得到计算极大极小〈γ，δ〉双子Ｍ矩阵的特征值与特征向量的方法以及有关的结论。     

梭梭属不同种源种子品质初评

梭梭属(Haloxylon Bge.)的两个种,主要分布在新疆准噶尔盆地,是优良防风固沙和薪炭树种,被列为国家重点保护植物。国内对两种梭梭的利用和研究,从50年代末就已经开始进行,至今已做了大量的工作,但对其种子特性的研究报道甚少。为了更深入了解梭梭两种植物的种子特性,我们于1987年选用吐鲁番沙漠研究站引种成功的两种梭梭(H.ammodendron、H.Persicum)的种子同原分布区莫索湾沙漠研究站采的种子,对其品质进行了对比试验分析,为梭梭属引种工作中的种源选择及种子保存提供依据。现将结果报道如下。     

白羽鸡快,慢羽纯系及其杂交后代早期生长的研究

本文通过3个快羽纯系和3个慢羽纯系以及9个自别雌雄商品杂交组合,测定快、慢羽伴性等位基因(k~ 和K)对白羽蛋鸡早期体重的影响。结果,在兼用型鸡中,由同一来源分离出的快羽C系1～10周龄体重明显高于慢羽D系(P<0.05),表现出明显羽速效应;而在蛋用型鸡中,由同一来源分离出的快羽B系早期体重则低于慢羽G系(1～5周龄P<0.05,6～10周龄P<0.10)。表明快慢羽基因的羽速效应因品种(或品系)的不同而异。9个配套组的杂交鸡早期体重均低于双亲均值,明显表现出负的杂交优势,有利于蛋鸡最适体型的筛选。